ROLE OF AI IN AGRICULTURE

Artificial Intelligence is the science of technology that deals with the artificial creation of human intelligence by using machines, especially computer systems. Some specific applications of Artificial Intelligence include expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition, computer vision etc. The two most commonly used algorithms in the field of AI are Machine learning and deep learning.
The food processing and handling the food industry is the most important business among the various manufacturing industries that assist for the highest employability. In food industries, to maintain the design of standard reliable procedures and the quality of products is a major objective comparatively with the other companies. In such cases, lowering the cost can help with the deployment of AI to provide good food supply management, product development, operational efficiency, vehicle activity and better customer experience. When the humans are involved in the industries, the demand supply chain and food safety are not properly maintained. To overcome these issues in food industries, industrial automation is concerned as the best possible solution. By using the AI-based system, the food production and delivery processes can be efficiently handled and it can enhance the food management approaches. The role of Artificial Intelligence in the food industry helps in various food processing and in its sub-fields of food management. Thus, the various ways that the AI supports in the food industry are categorized as:

Firstly, the Sorting procedure which is one of the biggest challenges in the food processing plants is the manual sorting of the vegetables. Sometimes the improper sorting of the ripen and the unripen ones and the irregular availability of the stock leads to the increased cost and loss of efficiency. Using the AI-based systems, decision-making can be carried out with various tools and methodologies i.e., with the help of high-resolution cameras, laser systems, X-ray based systems each and every aspect of the food products are analysed at the input channel.

Secondly, the Supply Chain Food Management is the important process for all food companies to increase the need for the transparency. The food industry uses AI to improve the supply chains through the measures of food safety and testing product at each and every step. The AI-based image recognition helps to give the efficient food produce. This leads to the high productivity and increased efficiency of goods.

Thirdly in the Food Safety Compliance, AI-enabled cameras are used in the food industry to monitor whether all the workers in the industry maintains good personal hygiene by food safety law. The system consists of the object detection and facial recognition to monitor the workers. If hygiene is not maintained, the camera captures the image in real-time mechanism.

And, the Cleaning systems plays an important role for the cleanliness of the food substances. The cleaning in some places are programmed to clean the equipment in timed cycles which leads to the cross contamination from food borne microbes, also it performs blindly and it is not suitable for designed for food cleaning process scenarios.So, With the (self-optimizing clean in place system (SOCIP)) which uses ultrasonic sensing and optical fluorescence imaging for measuring the food residue and microbial debris and optimizes the cleaning process and it helps in saving on water, time and energy.

Anticipating Customer Preference and developing new products
Food manufacturers uses AI based solutions which helps them to model the choices of the target customers and their new taste preferences. Such Artificial Intelligence-based predictive analysis will help in increasing the food productivity levels and also in developing the new products with respect to the customer preferences. The general data from the food and flavour preferences helps for the prediction of customer’s food preferences in the future.
AI technology uses machine learning and predictive algorithms to analyze the taste and preferences of the customers and give recommendations to the customers. The data are stored in the form of demographic groups to help companies develop new products that match the preferences of their target audience. Customers can even use the self-service machines to theoretically create different drinks by process of adding different flavours to its base beverages.

Real time applications of AI in food industry
• Recommedation engines: AI-based recommendation engines and food discovery are helpful for the customers on the information what to eat and what not to eat choices.
• Apps and Chatbots: AI-based apps and chatbots helps customers to find the food restaurants nearby and place orders for the foods in an optimized way.
• Self-Billing AI-based Kiosk: Self-Billing AI-based Kiosk helps customers in choosing the their own choice of foods from a wide range of food from the menu. These systems are used in restaurants, colleges and canteens which involves payments directly.
• Robots: In restaurants and in many places, robots are making an assisting and enhancing the speed and capacity of food preparation leads to the minimized time for the food delivery in the restaurants.
Thus, Artificial intelligence are basically used nowadays in our daily basis in case of finding restaurants and to maintain the high safety levels in the food management and food processing processes. So in the future, AI is going to transform the food industry because it has high potential to generate reasonable and healthier productivity foods for the clients and employees.
References:
Food quality and safety:
https://www.foodqualityandsafety.com/
Definition, scenarios and examples:
https://medium.com/
Reshaping of food processing business:
https://customerthink.com/
ML and AI solutions in Food industry:
https://spd.group/machine-learning/machine-learning-and-ai-in-food-industry/
food safety and food processes:
https://www.food2conf.com/blog/role-artificial-intelligence-food-industry

By
Preethie K,
Sri Eshwar College of Engineering,
3rd yr B.tech AI&DS,

Challenges faced in agriculture
Agriculture is the art and science of cultivating the soil, growing crops and raising livestock. It includes the preparation of plant and animal products for people to use and their distribution to markets. Agriculture provides most of the world’s food and fabrics.
The global food system is expected to provide a highly nutritious food to the people whose population is expected to grow up to 100 crores. Then the living place for the people will be increased and the place to farm will not be enough to feed the people.
The main challenges faced in farming are providing food to the huge population in future, protecting the environment, and giving a good livelihood for farmers.
AI in agriculture
There are numerous steps followed in farming to grow a plant. All those steps are done manually which is really hard to do. So, here comes the play of the artificial intelligence. It helps the farmers in all the aspects of farming. If artificial intelligence is combined with agriculture, then this combo can solve all, the challenges which will arise in the future based on food, environment, and the globe.
Let’s see how artificial intelligence helps agriculture. The main thing in agriculture is to select crop based on the season and the soil condition, water availability and so many factors. So, AI helps in selecting a best crop which can provide a good profit.
There are many risks while farming like loss of investments due to heavy rainfall or flood these came be overcome by whether prediction in ai which can predict that which season may cause flood or rainfall etc.
AI helps in monitoring the soil health with help of IOT systems the AI reads the soil mineral content and find the good crop which is suitable for the soil. If the soil lacks nutrients it helps in identifying the lack of nutrients and helps to increase the nutrients content by suggesting the ways.
Human needs food to survive, the plants are also living organism they need good food in order to live, so we must feed the plant according to their needs. AI is useful in finding the best irrigation pattern from the past collected data base and find the best way to feed the plant. Even if the crop is sick AI can identify it and it gives effective treatment and necessary nutrient to the plants.
After the plantation, the next important thing is the safety of the plants. According the food cycle the insects eat the plant in order to survive it’s a balanced food cycle. But now a days the growth of the insects is in huge amount. The pests are needed to be controlled to protect the plants. AI gives the best idea to control the pests without harming the plants. Not only the pest the weeds may also bring harm to the plants so AI helps in removing weeds.
Here comes the main part harvesting of the crop. There are many things behind harvesting. The crop should be harvested in the right time that is it has to be harvested when there is high need of the crop in the market, then we will get good profit. Here AI helps in finding the best to harvest a plant.
Real time application of AI on agriculture
One of the projects which was developed for sowing is very useful in India. This sowing app was developed by Microsoft and a non-profitable and non-governmental agriculture research organization is joined together with ICRISAT. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is an organization that conducts agricultural research for development in the drylands of Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. ICRISAT’s headquarters is located in Hyderabad.
This is an AI sowing application which helps farmers increase yields. This app is the combination of Power Business Intelligence and Microsoft Cortana Intelligence Suite. This app will use weather models and data on local crop yield and rainfall to accurately predict as well as advise farmers about when they should sow their seeds.
In June 2016, a test pilot for the AI-sowing app was launched with 175 farmers in Andhra Pradesh. The farmers benefiting from this application didn’t incur any upfront capital expenditures such as installing sensors in their fields or purchasing smartphones, but merely needed a simple mobile device capable of receiving text messages.
Conclusion
These are the examples of how is AI is help full in farming, not only in farming AI is also used in many other applications. Even though the implementation of AI in farming is not an easy job, India has implemented it, it is the early stage although it gives a great success. So, with the help of AI let’s turn the desert into farm lands.

By,
Madhumitha S,
B tech Artificial Intelligence and Data Science 3rd year,
Sri Eshwar college of engineering.

Keywords: AI,farming,agriculture,Artificial intelligence,sowing app,harvesting, irrigation pattern